Mortality refers to the state of being subject to death. In healthcare, mortality commonly refers to the occurrence of death within a specific population, usually within a defined period or due to a particular cause.
The overall mortality rate represents the total number of deaths within a population over a specified period, often expressed as a rate per 1,000 or 100,000 individuals.
The case fatality rate is the proportion of deaths from a specific disease or condition compared to the total number of individuals diagnosed with that disease or condition within a given period. It is expressed as a percentage.
SMR compares the observed number of deaths in a specific population to the expected number of deaths, adjusting for differences in age, sex, or other factors that may influence mortality rates. It helps to assess whether the mortality rate in a particular group is higher or lower than expected.
The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births in a given year. It is a critical indicator of the overall health and well-being of a population.
Maternal mortality rate refers to the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births due to complications related to pregnancy, childbirth, or postpartum period. It reflects the quality of maternal healthcare services and access to essential interventions for pregnant women.
The under-5 mortality rate is the probability of a child dying before reaching the age of five, expressed per 1,000 live births. It serves as an important indicator of child health and the effectiveness of healthcare interventions targeting young children.
The crude mortality rate represents the total number of deaths occurring in a given population over a specified period, usually a year, divided by the total population at midyear, expressed per 1,000 or 100,000 individuals.
Age-specific mortality rate calculates the number of deaths occurring within a particular age group of a population, usually expressed per 1,000 or 100,000 individuals in that specific age range.