Also known as high blood pressure, hypertension refers to the condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. It is a major risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular complications.
The top number in a blood pressure reading, representing the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats and pumps blood out.
The bottom number in a blood pressure reading, representing the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.
Also known as essential hypertension, this is the most common type of hypertension, with no identifiable cause. It typically develops gradually over many years.
Refers to high blood pressure caused by an underlying condition, such as kidney disease, hormonal disorders, or medications.
Drugs prescribed to lower blood pressure levels and manage hypertension. These may include ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics.
Non-pharmacological interventions recommended for managing hypertension, including dietary changes (such as reducing sodium intake and adopting the DASH diet), regular exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation, and stress reduction techniques.
A severe increase in blood pressure that requires immediate medical attention to prevent organ damage. It often presents with symptoms like severe headache, chest pain, blurred vision, and shortness of breath.
Regular measurement of blood pressure levels to track changes over time and assess the effectiveness of treatment. This can be done using manual or automated devices in clinical settings or at home with personal blood pressure monitors.