The study of how an individual’s genetic makeup influences their response to medications, aiming to personalize drug treatment for optimal efficacy and minimal side effects.
The specific genetic makeup of an individual, representing the combination of alleles inherited from both parents that influence drug metabolism and response.
A common type of genetic variation where a single nucleotide at a specific position in the DNA sequence differs among individuals, potentially impacting drug metabolism and efficacy.
The process by which the body breaks down medications, often involving enzymes encoded by specific genes, influencing how quickly or slowly a drug is processed.
A group of enzymes responsible for metabolizing many medications; genetic variations in these enzymes can affect drug metabolism and lead to variations in response.
The study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and excretes drugs, with genetic factors playing a crucial role in these processes.
Unintended and harmful reactions to medications, which can be influenced by genetic factors and may vary among individuals.
The practice of measuring drug levels in the bloodstream to ensure that medication doses are within the therapeutic range and to adjust treatment based on individual responses.
The use of multiple medications by an individual, with pharmacogenomics helping to optimize drug combinations and minimize potential interactions.
The interplay between a drug and specific genes that can influence drug efficacy, toxicity, and overall response in an individual.