Disease

A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, resulting in specific signs or symptoms, and typically caused by infection, genetic defect, or environmental stressors.

Pathogen

Microscopic organism capable of causing disease, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.

 

Immunity

The body’s ability to resist or fight off infection and disease, often acquired through vaccination or previous exposure to a pathogen.

 

Epidemic

A sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in a population or geographic area.

 

Pandemic

An epidemic that has spread over multiple countries or continents, affecting a large number of people.

 

Symptom
Subjective evidence of disease or physical disturbance experienced by an individual, such as pain, fatigue, or nausea.

 

Diagnosis 

The identification of a disease or condition through examination, testing, and analysis of symptoms and medical history.

 

Treatment 

Medical interventions aimed at alleviating symptoms, curing, or managing a disease, including medications, surgeries, and lifestyle changes.

 

Transmission

The process by which a disease is spread from one individual to another, often through direct contact, airborne particles, contaminated food or water, or vectors such as mosquitoes.

 

Prevention

Strategies and measures taken to reduce the occurrence or spread of disease, including vaccination, hygiene practices, quarantine, and public health interventions.