The medical specialty focused on the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disorders related to the heart and circulatory system.
A condition characterized by the buildup of plaque (cholesterol, fats, and other substances) in the walls of arteries, leading to narrowing and obstruction of blood flow. It is a significant risk factor for heart disease and stroke.
An abnormal heart rhythm, where the heart may beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. It can lead to symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, fainting, or even cardiac arrest.
A sudden blockage of blood flow to a part of the heart muscle, leading to tissue damage or death. Symptoms include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, and sweating.
A condition characterized by elevated blood pressure in the arteries, which can strain the heart and damage blood vessels over time. It is a major risk factor for heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular complications.
A chronic condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently enough to meet the body’s needs. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling in the legs or abdomen, and difficulty exercising.
A condition caused by the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle. It can lead to angina (chest pain) or myocardial infarction (heart attack).
A non-invasive imaging test that uses sound waves to create a detailed picture of the heart’s structure and function. It is commonly used to diagnose various heart conditions, such as valve disorders, heart failure, and congenital heart defects.
A small electronic device implanted under the skin, usually in the chest area, to help regulate abnormal heart rhythms. It delivers electrical impulses to the heart to maintain a normal heartbeat.
A procedure used to diagnose and treat heart conditions by inserting a thin, flexible tube (catheter) into a blood vessel and guiding it to the heart. It can be used to measure blood pressure, inject contrast dye for imaging, or perform interventions such as angioplasty and stent placement.
A medical emergency caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain, either due to a blockage (ischemic stroke) or bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke). Risk factors include hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and smoking.
A structured program designed to help patients with heart disease improve their cardiovascular health and overall well-being through exercise, education, and lifestyle modifications.
A condition caused by the narrowing or blockage of arteries in the arms, legs, or other parts of the body, leading to reduced blood flow and increased risk of complications such as leg pain, ulcers, and gangrene.
A condition characterized by abnormalities in one or more of the heart’s valves, which can affect blood flow and lead to symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, and heart palpitations.
A diagnostic test that records the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time, typically through electrodes placed on the skin. It is used to detect abnormal heart rhythms, ischemia, conduction abnormalities, and other cardiac conditions.