Obstetrics and Gynecology

The branch of medicine dedicated to managing pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, ensuring the health and well-being of both mother and baby.

 

Gynecology:

The medical specialty focused on the health of the female reproductive system, covering a range of conditions from adolescence through adulthood.

 

Prenatal Care:

Comprehensive medical care provided to pregnant women, including regular check-ups, screenings, and guidance for a healthy pregnancy.

 

Menstrual Cycle:

The monthly series of changes in a woman’s body, marked by the shedding of the uterine lining (menstruation) and preparation for potential pregnancy.

 

Endometriosis:

A condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, causing pain, infertility, and other complications.

 

Cervical Cancer Screening (Pap Smear):

A test to detect abnormal cells in the cervix, helping to prevent and diagnose cervical cancer.

 

Mammogram:

An X-ray of the breast used for early detection of breast cancer in women.

 

Ovulation:

The release of a mature egg from the ovary, a crucial phase in the menstrual cycle for conception.

 

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):

Inflammation of the female reproductive organs, often caused by untreated infections, leading to complications such as infertility.

 

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT):

Treatment to relieve symptoms of menopause by supplementing estrogen and progesterone.

 

Pregnancy Complications:

Conditions that may arise during pregnancy, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, or placenta previa, requiring specialized medical attention.

 

Ectopic Pregnancy:

A pregnancy where the fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, often in the fallopian tubes, posing a serious risk to the woman.

 

Infertility:

The inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse, prompting medical investigation and intervention.

 

Hysterectomy:

Surgical removal of the uterus, either partially or completely, often performed to treat conditions like uterine fibroids, cancer, or excessive bleeding.

 

Colposcopy:

A procedure using a magnifying instrument to closely examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for abnormalities.

 

Intrauterine Device (IUD):

A small contraceptive device placed inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy.